Aquila

Belongs within: Aquilinae.

Aquila is a genus of large eagles found in Eurasia, Africa, North America and Australia. Circumscription of the genus has varied between authors and it may be expanded to include members of the related genus Hieraaetus.

<==Aquila Brisson 1760CC10
    |--+--A. nipalensisJT12 [=A. rapax nipalensisVP89; incl. A. bifasciataS89]
    |  |    |--A. n. nipalensisJ63
    |  |    `--A. n. orientalisJ63
    |  `--+--+--A. adalbertiJT12 [=A. heliaca adalbertiUSDI77]
    |     |  `--A. heliacaJT12
    |     `--A. rapax (Temminck 1828)LM05, M02 [=Falco rapaxM02]
    |          |--A. r. rapaxSt05
    |          `--A. r. belisarius (Levaillant 1850) [incl. Falco (Aquila) albicans Rüppell 1835]St05
    `--+--*A. chrysaetos (Linnaeus 1758)CC10, JT12, M02 (see below for synonymy)
       |    |--A. c. chrysaetosI92
       |    `--A. c. japonica Severtzov 1888I92
       `--+--A. africanaBKB15 [=Hieraaetus africanusLM05, Spizaetus africanusLM05]
          `--+--+--A. audaxJT12
             |  |    |--A. a. audaxM03
             |  |    `--A. a. fleayiM03
             |  `--A. gurneyiJT12
             `--+--A. verreauxiiJT12
                `--+--A. fasciata Vieillot 1822JT12, M02 [=Hieraaetus fasciatusM02]
                   `--A. spilogasterBKB15 [=Hieraaetus fasciatus spilogasterLM05]
Aquila incertae sedis:
  A. bonelliiC77
  A. corroyi Gaillard 1939 [=Aquilavus corroyi]M02
  A. delphinensis Gaillard 1939M02
  A. desmursiiH64
  A. fossilis Giebel 1847M02
  A. fulva (Linnaeus 1758)J23, L58 [=Falco fulvusJ23]
  A. hypogaea Milne-Edwards 1892 [=Aquilavus hypogaea, Aquilavus hypogaeus]M02
  A. occipitalisFP64
  A. pennatoides Gaillard 1939M02
  A. prisca Milne-Edwards 1863 [=Aquilavus priscus, Eutolmaetus priscus, Nisaetus priscus]M02
  A. vindhianaE42

*Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus 1758)^{CC10, JT12, M02} [=Falco chrysaetos^CC10; incl. A. chrysaetos bonifacti Mourer-Chauviré 1975^M02, A. chrysaetos canadensis Nelson 1883^Sc05, A. chrysaetos simurgh Weesie 1988^M02]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[BKB15] Burleigh, J. G., R. T. Kimball & E. L. Braun. 2015. Building the avian tree of life using a large-scale, sparse supermatrix. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 53–63.

[CC10] Checklist Committee (OSNZ). 2010. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica 4^th ed. Ornithological Society of New Zealand and Te Papa Press: Wellington.

[C77] Cope, E. D. 1877. Report upon the extinct Vertebrata obtained in New Mexico by parties of the expedition of 1874. Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian 4 (2): i–iv, 1–370.

[E42] Ewer, W. 1842. List of a collection of birds from India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 10: 91–93.

[FP64] Fisher, J., & R. T. Peterson. 1964. The World of Birds: A comprehensive guide to general ornithology. Macdonald: London.

[H64] Hogg, J. 1864. On the Roman imperial and crested eagles. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33 (Notices and Abstracts): 104.

[I92] Iwahashi, J. (ed.) 1992. Reddo Deeta Animaruzu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.

[J23] James, E. 1823. Account of an Expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains, performed in the years 1819 and ’20, by order of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, sec’y of war: under the command of Major Stephen H. Long. From the notes of Major Long, Mr. T. Say, and other gentlemen of the exploring party vol. 1. H. C. Carey & I. Lea: Philadelphia.

[J63] Jánossy, D. 1963. Letztinterglaziale Vertebraten-Fauna aus der Kálmán Lambrecht-Höhle (Bükk-Gebirge, nordost-Ungarn) I. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 9 (3–4): 293–331.

[JT12] Jetz, W., G. H. Thomas, J. B. Joy, K. Hartmann & A. Ø. Mooers. 2012. The global diversity of birds in space and time. Nature 491: 444–448.

[LM05] Lerner, H. R. L., & D. P. Mindell. 2005. Phylogeny of eagles, Old World vultures, and other Accipitridae based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 327–346.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[M02] Mlíkovský, J. 2002. Cenozoic Birds of the World. Part 1: Europe. Ninox Press: Praha.

[M03] Morcombe, M. 2003. Field Guide to Australian Birds 2^nd ed. Steve Parish Publishing.

[S89] Salvadori, T. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea nella Birmania e nelle regioni vicine. XIX.—Uccelli raccolti nei Monti Carin a nord-est di Tounghoo, nel Pegù presso Rangoon e Tounghoo e nel Tenasserim presso Malewoon. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 369–438.

[Sc05] Schalow, H. 1905. Die Vögel der Arktis. In: Römer, F., & F. Schaudinn (eds) Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellun der arktischen Tierformen, mit besonder Berücksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nördliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898 vol. 4 pp. 79–288. Gustav Fischer: Jena.

[St05] Steinheimer, F. D. 2005. Eduard Rüppel’s avian types at the Natural History Museum, Tring (Aves). Senckenbergiana Biologica 85 (2): 233–264.

[USDI77] United States Department of the Interior. 1977. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants—republication of list of species. Federal Register 42: 36420–36431.

[VP89] Viney, C., & K. Phillipps. 1989. Birds of Hong Kong 5^th ed. Government Printer: Hong Kong.