Belongs within: Hypsogastropoda.
The Capulidae are a morphologically diverse group of gastropods sharing a distinctive larval form called the echinospira in which a second larval shell is present outside what eventually becomes the adult shell. The adult shell bears a thick (often spiky) periostracum. A unique feeding structure called the pseudoproboscis is present that differs from a true gastropod proboscis in the presence of a slit along the lower side.
Some authors have divided this group between the limpet-shaped Capulidae sensu stricto and the high-spired and coiled Trichotropidae. The Late Cretaceous Lysinae are low turbiniform to almost haliotiform shells with the columella and inner lip flattened and expanded to form a shelf inside the shell aperture. Within the modern Capulinae, members of the genus Capulus have a conical shell with a spirally recurved apex (Oldroyd 1927).
<==Capulidae [Capulusidae]
| i. s.: Piliscus Loven 1856O27
| `--P. commodus Middendorff 1851O27 [=Pilidium commodumJ64; incl. Capulus fallaxJ64, C. obliquusJ64]
| Neojanacus Suter 1907P61
| `--*N. perplexus Suter 1907P61
| Icuncula Iredale 1924W93
| |--*I. torcularis (Tenison Woods 1878) [=Lippistes torcularis, Cingulina torcularis]W93
| |--I. consobrina (May 1915)W93
| `--I. zodiacus Hedley 1907W93
|--Lysis Gabb 1864 [Lysinae]BR17
| `--*L. duplicosta Gabb 1864BR17
`--Capulinae [Trichotropidae, Trichotropinae]BR17
|--Turbinopsis Conrad 1860TTE93
|--‘Verena’ Gray 1857 non Adams & Adams 1854BR17, BR05 [Verenadae, Verenidae]
| `--*V. borealis (Broderip & Sowerby 1829) [=Trichotropis borealis]BR17
|--Cerithioderma Conrad 1860BR17, BR05 [Cerithiodermatidae, Cerithiodermidae]
| `--*C. prima Conrad 1860BR17
|--Lirpsa Stephenson 1952BD12
| |--*L. cornuta Stephenson 1952BD12
| `--L. garudamangalami Bandel 2000BD12
|--Astandes Wade 1917BD12
| |--*A. dentatus Wade 1917BD12
| `--A. nodosus (Dockery 1993) [=Cerithioderma nodosa]BD12
|--AtresiusTTE93
| |--A. cornuelianus (Orbigny 1843)TTE93
| `--A. lallierianus (Orbigny 1843)TTE93
|--Zelippistes Finlay 1926P61, W93
| |--*Z. benhami (Suter 1902) [=Separatista benhami]P61
| |--Z. pehuensis (Marwick 1926) [=Lippistes pehuensis]F27a
| `--Z. perornatus (Marshall & Murdoch 1923) [=Lippistes perornatus]F27a
|--Torellia Jeffreys 1867PH90 [incl. Trachysma Sars 1878BR17; Trachysmatidae]
| |--*T. vestita Jeffreys 1867PH90
| |--T. ammonia Dall 1919O27
| |--T. delicata (Philippi 1844) (see below for synonymy)BR17
| `--T. vallonia Dall 1919O27
|--Sirius Hedley 1900BR17, BR05 [incl. DolichosiriusW93, OpposiriusW93; Siriidae]
| |--*S. badius (Tenison-Woods 1876) [=Raulinia badia]BR17
| |--S. cupiens Iredale 1931 [=S. (*Dolichosirius) cupiens]W93
| |--S. desponsus Iredale 1936W93
| |--S. idoneus (Iredale 1931) [=S. (*Opposirius) idoneus]W93
| `--S. meracus Iredale 1936W93
|--Trichosirius Finlay 1927P61
| |--*T. inornatus (Hutton 1873) [=Trichotropis inornata]P61
| | |--T. i. inornatusP61
| | `--T. i. chathamensis Finlay 1928P61
| |--T. cavatocarinatus (Laws 1940)P61 [=Cerithioderma cavatocarinatusD56]
| `--T. octocarinatus (Powell 1931)P61
|--Lippistes Montfort 1810BR17, BR05 [incl. Separatista Gray 1847W93; Lippistidae]
| |--*L. cornu (Gmelin 1791) [=Argonauta cornu]BR17
| |--L. blainvilleanus (Petit 1851) [=Trichotropis blainvilleana]H09
| |--L. gabrieli Pritchard & Gatliff 1898 [incl. L. meridionalis Verco 1906]W93
| |--L. gracilenta Brazier 1877W93 [=Trichotropis gracilentaH09]
| |--L. helicoides (Gmelin 1791) (see below for synonymy)W93
| `--L. zodiacus Hedley 1907H09
|--Trichotropis Broderip & Sowerby 1829BR05
| | i. s.: T. acuminatusN79
| | T. cancellata Hinds 1843S11
| | T. carinata [=Murex carinatus; incl. T. atlantica, Fusus umbilicatus]J64
| | T. ciliataC64
| | T. conica Möller 1842O27
| | T. costellata Couthouy 1838O27
| | T. flavida Hinds 1843H43
| | T. inermis Hinds 1843H43
| | T. insignis Middendorff 1849O27
| | T. mississippiensis Sohl 1960BD12
| |--*T. (Trichotropis) bicarinatus (Sowerby 1825)BR17 [=Turbo bicarinatusBR17; incl. Tr. sowerbiensisC64]
| `--T. (Iphinoe Adams & Adams 1854)O27
| `--T. (I.) coronata Gould 1860O27 [incl. T. multicaudataC64]
`--Capulus Montfort 1810BR05 (see below for synonymy)
|--*C. ungaricus (Linnaeus 1758)P61, L58 [=Patella ungaricaP61, Pileopsis ungaricusJ64]
|--C. ‘angustus’ Wanner 1922 non Pileopsis angustus Philipps 1836F27b
|--‘Pileopsis’ angustus Philipps 1836F27b
|--C. australisH08
|--C. calcareus Suter 1909P61
|--C. californicus Dall 1900O27
|--C. danieli (Crosse 1858)W93 (see below for synonymy)
|--C. devexus May 1916W93
|--C. devotus Hedley 1904 [incl. C. banksi Cotton 1939]W93
|--C. dilatatusW93
|--C. liberatus Pease 1868 [=*Tenpetasus liberatus]W93
|--C. nutatus Hedley 1908H08
|--C. sycophanta Garrard 1961S11
|--C. tenellus (Dana 1849) [=Pileopsis tenella]W63
|--C. verus (Böhm 1885)TTE93
`--C. violaceus Angas 1867W93
Capulus Montfort 1810BR05 [=Pileopsis Lamarck 1822BR05; incl. Capulonix Iredale 1929W93, Tenpetasus Iredale 1929W93; Pileopsidae]
Capulus danieli (Crosse 1858)W93 [=Capulonix danieliW93; incl. Patella calyptra Martyn 1784 (nom. inv.)H09, *Capulonix calyptraW93, Capulus calyptraH09]
Lippistes helicoides (Gmelin 1791) [incl. L. fraterna Iredale 1936, *Separatista separatista Dillwyn 1817, L. tricarinata Brazier 1877]W93
Torellia delicata (Philippi 1844) [=Cyclostoma delicatum, *Trachysma delicatum; incl. Tr. sarsianum Thiele 1910]BR17
*Type species of generic name indicated
References
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