Colubrinae

Belongs within: Colubridae.
Contains: Coluber.

The Colubrinae are a group of snakes characterised by possession of a single sulcus spermaticus on the hemipenis and the reduction of the posterior hypapophyses to keels (Vidal et al. 2000).

<==Colubrinae
    |  i. s.: Macroprotodon cucullatusVH02
    |         Hapsidophrys smaragdinaVH02
    |         Dispholidus typusVH02
    |         Phyllorhynchus decurtatusVH02
    |         Chilomeniscus cinctusVH02
    |--+--+--Gastropyxis smaragdinaVK00
    |  |  `--OxybelisVK00
    |  |       |--O. aeneusVK00
    |  |       `--O. fulgidusVK00
    |  `--+--Boiga Fitzinger 1826VK00, C18
    |     |    |--B. cynodonVK00
    |     |    |--B. dendrophilaVH02
    |     |    `--B. irregularis (Merrem 1802) [incl. B. fusca]C18
    |     `--Elaphe Fitzinger 1833VK00, B89
    |          |--E. dioneSB02
    |          |--E. flavolineataVH02
    |          |--E. guttataGM96
    |          |--E. longissima Laurenti 1768B89
    |          |--E. obsoletaVK00
    |          |--E. quatuorlineataK08
    |          |--E. situlaK08
    |          |--E. subocularisKK96
    |          |--E. taeniuraTB02
    |          `--E. vulpinaOB11
    `--+--+--Rhinobothryum lentiginosumVK00, VH02
       |  `--MastigodryasVK00
       |       |--M. boddaertiVK00
       |       `--M. heathiiC07
       `--+--+--ColuberVK00
          |  `--ChironiusVK00
          |       |--C. carinatusVK00
          |       |--C. cochranae Hoge & Romano 1969DS86
          |       |--C. exoletus [incl. C. pyrrhopogon]DS86
          |       |--C. fuscusDS86
          |       |--C. laevicollisDS86
          |       |--C. multiventrisDS86
          |       `--C. scurrulusDS86
          `--+--+--Gonyosoma oxycephalaVK00
             |  `--Tantilla melanocephalaVK00
             `--+--DinodonVK00
                |    |--D. semicarinatumVH02
                |    `--D. septentrionalisI92
                |         |--D. s. septentrionalisI92
                |         |--D. s. multifasciatus Maki 1931I92
                |         `--D. s. ruhstratiI92
                `--Lycodon Boie in Fitzinger 1826VK00, SP01
                     |--L. aulicusSP01
                     |--L. capucinus Boie 1827SB12
                     |--L. fasciatusSP01
                     |--L. jaraSP01
                     |--L. kunduiSP01
                     |--L. laoensisSP01
                     |--L. tiwariiSP01
                     |--L. travancoricusSP01
                     `--L. zawi Slowinski, Pawar et al. 2001SP01

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[B89] Bailon, S. 1989. Les amphibiens et les reptiles du Pliocene superieur de Balaruc II (Herault, France). Palaeovertebrata 19 (1): 7–28.

[C07] Cadle, J. E. 2007. The snake genus Sibynomorphus (Colubridae: Dipsadinae: Dipsadini) in Peru and Ecuador, with comments on the systematics of Dipsadini. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 158 (5): 183–284.

[C18] Cogger, H. G. 2018. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia updated 7^th ed. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[DS86] Dixon, J. R. & P. Soini. 1986. The Reptiles of the Upper Amazon Basin, Iquitos Region, Peru. Milwaukee Public Museum: Milwaukee.

[GM96] Griffiths, A. J. F., J. H. Miller, D. T. Suzuki, R. C. Lewontin & W. M. Gelbart. 1996. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis 6^th ed. W. H. Freeman and Company: New York.

[I92] Iwahashi, J. (ed.) 1992. Reddo Deeta Animaruzu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.

[KK96] Keirans, J. E., & J. S. H. Klompen. 1996. Amblyomma quadricavum (Schulze) (new combination), and Amblyomma arianae Keirans and Garris, a new junior synonym of Amblyomma quadricavum (Acari: Ixodidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (1): 164–165.

[K08] Korsós, Z. 2008. History of the Herpetological Collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 100: 37–93.

[OB11] Orenstein, R. I., & D. Brewer. 2011. Family Cardinalidae (cardinals). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 330–427. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[SP01] Slowinski, J. B., S. S. Pawar, H. Win, T. Thin, S. W. Gyi, S. L. Oo & H. Tun. 2001. A new Lycodon (Serpentes: Colubridae) from northeast India and Myanmar (Burma). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 52 (20): 397–405.

[SB12] Smith, M. J., C. R. J. Boland, D. Maple & B. Tiernan. 2012. The Christmas Island blue-tailed skink (Cryptoblepharus egeriae): a survey protocol and an assessment of factors that relate to occupancy and detection. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (1): 40–44.

[SB02] Spasskij, A. A., & M. L. Buga. 2002. O validnosti rodov Opossumia, Markewitschitaenia i podcemejstva Inversiinae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea). Vestnik Zoologii 36 (3): 65–69.

[TB02] Téllez, S., V. Briones, S. González, F. J. García-Peña, J. Altimira, A. I. Vela, M. M. Blanco, C. Ballesteros, J. F. Fernández-Garayzábal, L. Domínguez & J. Goyache. 2002. Salmonella septicaemia in a beauty snake (Elaphe taeniura taeniura). Veterinary Record 151: 28–29.

[VH02] Vidal, N., & S. B. Hedges. 2002. Higher-level relationships of caenophidian snakes inferred from four nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Comptes Rendus Biologies 325: 987–995.

[VK00] Vidal, N., S. G. Kindl, A. Wong & S. B. Hedges. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships of xenodontine snakes inferred from 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 14: 389–402.