Contains: Cylindroiulus, Leptoiulus, Julus.
The Julida are a group of millipedes with pleura fused with terga, and a gnathochilarium with meeting stipes. Members of the families Paeromopodidae and Julidae bear distinct, fine longitudinal striation all around the metazonal segments; members of other families have such striation absent or on the lower sides of the segments only (Hoffman 1990).
Characters (from Hoffman 1990): Gnathochilarium with stipes broadly in contact medially, with small promental sclerite isolated in front of median commissure and larger transverse mental plate (or two plates) at base; sterna, pleura, and terga coalesced into rigid cylindrical rings, with pleural sclerites completely coalesced with lower ends of terga, no suture line remaining; segment 3 without legs.
<==Julida [Symphyognatha, Zygocheta]
| i. s.: Tachypodoiulus [incl. Ischiolobus Attems 1951] TKM93
| `–T. niger (Leach 1815) [incl. *Ischiolobus niger Attems 1951] TKM93
|–Paeromopodidae [Californiulidae] H90
| |–Paeromopus H90
| |–Californiulus H90
| `–Aprosphylosoma H90
|–Nemasomatidae MG00
| |–Telsonemasoma H90
| |–Thalassisobates littoralis KAA-W00
| |–Nemasoma varicorne Koch 1847 TKM93 [=Isobates varicornis KAA-W00]
| |–Chelojulus Enghoff 1982 H00
| | `–C. sculpturatus WA04
| `–Orinisobates Lohmander 1933 MG00
| |–O. microthylax Enghoff 1985 MG00
| `–O. sibiricus (Gulička 1963) [=Isobates sibiricus] MG00
|–Blaniulidae [Isobatidae] TKM93
| | i. s.: Nopoiulus kochii (Gervais 1847) KAA-W00
| | Proteroiulus KAA-W00
| | |–P. fuscus (Am Stein 1857) [=Blaniulus fuscus] TKM93
| | `–P. varicornis KAA-W00
| | Blaniulus TKM93
| | |–B. guttulatus (Fabricius 1798) TKM93
| | `–B. venustus A01
| | Skleroprotopus Attems 1901 [Isobatini, Protoiulidae] A01
| | `–*S. confucius Attems 1901 A01
| |–+–Virgoiulus H90
| | `–Okeanobates H90
| `–Zosteractinidae H90
| |–Zosteractis H90
| `–Ameractis H90
|–Parajulidae H90
| | i. s.: ‘Julus’ telluster Scudder 1878 RB93
| |–Aliulus H90
| |–Aniulus bollmani KAA-W00
| |–Arvechambus H90
| |–Ethojulus H90
| |–Gyniulus H90
| |–Hakiulus H90
| |–Illiulus H90
| |–Okliulus H90
| |–Oriulus H90
| |–Pseudojulus H90
| |–Ptyoiulus H90
| |–Teniulus H90
| |–Uroblaniulus H90
| |–Apacheiulus H90
| |–Gosiulus H90
| |–Codiulus H90
| |–Bollmaniulus H90
| |–Karteroiulus H90
| |–Mulaikiulus H90
| |–Saiulus H90
| |–Simiulus H90
| `–Spathiulus H90
`–Julidae KAA-W00
|–Brachyiulus pusillus KAA-W00
|–Allajulus nitidus (Verhoeff 1891) H90, TKM93 [=Cylindroiulus nitidus KAA-W00]
|–Cylindroiulus MG00
|–Hypsoiulus alpivagus (Verhoeff 1897) TKM93
|–Leptoiulus TKM93
|–Pachypodoiulus eurypus (Attems 1895) TKM93
|–Unciger foetidus (Koch 1838) TKM93
|–Pachyiulus fuscipes A01
|–Glyphiulus granulatus A01
|–Julus KAA-W00
|–Leptophyllum (Anuroleptophyllum Attems 1901) A01
| `–L. (*A.) caucasicum Attems 1901 A01
|–Pacifiiulus Mikhaljova 1982 MG00
| `–P. amurensis (Gerstfeldt 1859) [incl. P. imbricatus] MG00
|–Ommatoiulus TKM93
| |–O. moreletti DAF07
| `–O. sabulosus (Linnaeus 1758) [=Schizophyllum sabulosum] TKM93
|–Enantiulus TKM93
| |–E. nanus (Latzel 1884) [=Julus nanus, Leptophyllum nanum, Metaleptophyllum nanum] TKM93
| `–E. pelidnus (Latzel 1884) TKM93
|–Ophyiulus KAA-W00
| |–O. nigrofuscus (Verhoeff 1894) TKM93
| |–O. pilosus (Newport 1842) TKM93
| `–‘Iulus (*Leucoiulus)’ tirolensis Verhoeff 1894 (n. d.) TKM93
|–Sibiriulus Gulička 1972 MG00
| |–S. altaicus (Gulička 1972) [=Cylindroiulus (Sibiriulus) altaicus] MG00
| |–S. dentiger (Gulička 1963) [=Cylindroiulus (Sibiriulus) dentiger] MG00
| `–S. multinicus Mikhaljova in Mikhaljova & Golovatch 2000 MG00
`–Megaphyllum Verhoeff 1894 MG00
|–M. austriacum (Latzel 1884) [=Julus austriacus] TKM93
|–M. projectum (Verhoeff 1894) [=Chromatoiulus projectus] TKM93
|–M. sjaelandicum (Meinert 1868) MG00
`–M. unilineatum (Koch 1838) [=Chromatoiulus unilineatus] TKM93
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[A01] Attems, C. Graf. 1901. Myriopodák [Myriopoden]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 275–310. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.
[DAF07] Department of Agriculture and Food. 2007. Common Seasonal Pests. State of Western Australia.
[H00] Hannibal, J. T. 2000. Hexecontasoma, a new helminthomorph millipede (Hexecontasomatidae n. fam.) from the Mazon Creek, Illinois, fauna (Carboniferous, North America). Fragmenta Faunistica 43 (Suppl.): 19–35.
[H90] Hoffman, R. L. 1990. Diplopoda. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 835–860. John Wiley & Sones: New York.
[KAA-W00] Kheirallah, A.-M., A.-N. H. Aly & N. Y. Abdel-Wahed. 2000. Anamorphosis and life-history of the millipede Nopoiulus kochii (Gervais, 1847), new for Egypt. Zoology in the Middle East 21: 159–168.
[MG00] Mikhaljova, E. V., & S. I. Golovatch. 2000. A review of the millipede fauna of Siberia (Diplopoda). Arthropoda Selecta 9: 103–118.
[RB93] Ross, A. J., & D. E. G. Briggs. 1993. Arthropoda (Euthycarcinoidea and Myriapoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 357–361. Chapman & Hall: London.
[TKM93] Thaler, K., B. Knoflach & E. Meyer. 1993. Fragmenta faunistica Tirolensia—X. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck 80: 311–325.
[WA04] Wilson, H. M., & L. I. Anderson. 2004. Morphology and taxonomy of Paleozoic millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Archipolypoda) from Scotland. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 169–184.
Last updated: 10 June 2022.