Magnoliidae

Belongs within: Mesangiospermae.
Contains: Magnoliales, Laurales, Canellales, Aristolochiaceae.

The Piperales is a clade of mostly herbaceous plants (some species are lianes or small trees) found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. Members of the families Piperaceae and Saururaceae have small flowers borne in elongate spikes. Commercially significant species include Piper nigrum, pepper, and Piper betle, betel.

<==MagnoliidaeCD07
    |--+--MagnolialesWM14
    |  `--LauralesWM14
    `--+--CanellalesSaaRai07
       `--Piperales [Piperineae]SaaRai07
            |--AristolochiaceaeWM14
            |--SaururaceaeDS04
            |    |--Houttuynia cordataDS04
            |    |--Anemopsis californica [incl. A. californica var. subglabra]H93
            |    |--‘Saururopsis’ non Turczaninow 1848CBH93
            |    |    `--S. niponensis Stopes & Fujii 1910CBH93
            |    `--SaururusJD05
            |         |--S. bilibatusJD05
            |         `--S. cernuusDS04
            `--PiperaceaeDS04
                 |  i. s.: NematantheraYY22
                 |         SymbryonYY22
                 |         VerhuelliaYY22
                 |         Lepianthes umbellatum [=Pothomorphe umbellata]J87
                 |         Piperites miquelianus Goeppert 1854CBH93
                 |         Chavica densaA78
                 |         ZippeliaT-W89
                 |--+--Macropiper Miq. 1839DS04, A61
                 |  |    `--M. excelsum (Forst. f.) Miq. 1843 [=Piper excelsum Forst. f. 1786]A61
                 |  |         |--M. e. var. excelsumA61
                 |  |         `--M. e. var. majus (Cheeseman) Allan 1961 (see below for synonymy)A61
                 |  `--Piper [Piperoideae]DS04
                 |       |--P. aduncumJ87
                 |       |--P. amarumJ87
                 |       |--P. arcuatumA78
                 |       |--P. auritumPWP96
                 |       |--P. baccatumA78
                 |       |--P. betle Linnaeus 1753CD07
                 |       |--P. carinumK03
                 |       |--P. cenocladumDL99
                 |       |--P. confusumJ87
                 |       |--P. feistmanteli Ettingshausen 1886F71
                 |       |--P. futokadsuraA78
                 |       |--P. hispidumJ87
                 |       |--P. longumSDK05
                 |       |--P. methysticumHSS13
                 |       |--P. miniatumA78
                 |       |--P. muricatumA78
                 |       |--P. nigrumSanRav07
                 |       |--P. novae-hollandiaeH90
                 |       |--P. oviedoiJ87
                 |       |--P. recurvumA78
                 |       |--P. retrofractumA78
                 |       |--P. rugosumJ87
                 |       |--P. sarmentosumA78
                 |       `--P. wightiiSanRav07
                 `--Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. 1794DS04, A61 [Peperomiaceae, Peperomioideae]
                      |--P. acuminataJ87
                      |--P. alataJ87
                      |--P. cabaianumJ87
                      |--P. distachyaJ87
                      |--P. dominicanaJ87
                      |--P. galioidesJ87
                      |--P. glabellaJ87
                      |--P. hernandifoliaJ87
                      |--P. heyneanaD07
                      |--P. hispidulaJ87
                      |--P. leonardiiJ87
                      |--P. leptostachyaH90
                      |--P. magnoliifoliaJ87
                      |--P. michelensisJ87
                      |--P. obtusifoliaJ87
                      |--P. pellucidaP88
                      |--P. polybotryaDS04
                      |--P. pseudo-rhombea de Candolle 1869 (see below for synonymy)SanRav07
                      |--P. quadrifoliaJ87
                      |--P. ramosaJ87
                      |--P. reflexa [incl. Piper aemulum]C06
                      |--P. tenellaJ87
                      |--P. tetraphylla (Forst. f.) Hook. & Arn. 1832 (see below for synonymy)A61
                      `--P. urvilleana Rich. 1832A61 (see below for synonymy)