Spalangiinae

Belongs within: Chalcidoidea.

The Spalangiinae are a group of parasitoids of Diptera. Some species of Spalangia have been used in the biological control of synanthropic flies and sheep-maggot flies (Bouček 1988).

Characters (from Bouček 1988): Body black or slightly metallic; at least thorax with some distinct punctures or rugosity, often also head; frons with median punctured groove; antennal toruli situated on lower margin of head, overhanging the mouth; antenna 1171 i.e. with 7 funicular segments but no anellus; scutellum without sublateral lines but often with punctate frenal line; gaster on distinct petiole; forewing disc flat, pubescent, without a tuft of scales; marginal vein very long, stigmal and postmarginal veins short.

<==Spalangiinae [Spalangiae, Spalangiides, Spalangiina]
    |--PlayaspalangiaB88
    `--Spalangia Latreille 1805B88 [incl. Prospalangia Brethes 1915G17, GM79]
         |  i. s.: *S. nigra Latreille 1805B88 [=Diplolepis (Spalangia) nigraG20]
         |         S. alyciaBM22
         |         S. australiensis Girault 1913B88
         |         S. cameroni Perkins 1910B88
         |         S. drosophilaeA71
         |         S. endius Walker 1839 [incl. S. orientalis Graham 1932]B88
         |         S. epos Girault 1933B88
         |         S. fuscaR26
         |         S. grotiusi Girault 1913B88
         |         S. kingstonensis Girault 1933B88
         |         S. marxi Girault 1933B88
         |         S. muscofaga Girault 1933B88
         |         S. nigripes [incl. S. muscarum]P73
         |         S. punctulaticeps Girault 1929B88
         |         S. shakespearei Girault 1933B88
         |         S. simplex Perkins 1910 [incl. S. parasitica Girault 1915]B88
         |         S. virginica Girault 1913B88
         |--S. erythromeraMH11
         `--+--S. haematobiaMH11
            `--S. nigroaenea Curtis 1839MH11, B88 (see below for synonymy)

Spalangia nigroaenea Curtis 1839^{MH11, B88} [incl. S. abenabooi Girault 1932^B88, S. mors Girault 1933^B88, S. muscidarum Richardson 1913^{B88, GM79}, S. sundaica Graham 1932^B88]

*Type species of generic name indicated

References

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[BM22] Burks, R., M.-D. Mitroiu, L. Fusu, J. M. Heraty, P. Janšta, S. Heydon, N. D.-S. Papilloud, R. S. Peters, E. V. Tselikh, J. B. Woolley, S. van Noort, H. Baur, A. Cruaud, C. Darling, M. Haas, P. Hanson, L. Krogmann & J.-Y. Rasplus. 2022. From hell’s heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94: 13–88.

[G17] Girault, A. A. 1917. Descriptiones hymenopterorum chalcidoidicarum variorum cum observationibus. V. Privately published (reprinted: Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 116–131).

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[GM79] Gordh, G., A. S. Menke, E. C. Dahms & J. C. Hall. 1979. The privately printed papers of A. A. Girault. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 28: 1–400.

[MH11] Munro, J. B., J. M. Heraty, R. A. Burks, D. Hawks, J. Mottern, A. Cruaud, J.-Y. Rasplus & P. Jansta. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). PloS One 6 (11): e27023.

[P73] Pont, A. C. 1973. Studies on Australian Muscidae (Diptera). IV. A revision of the subfamilies Muscinae and Stomoxyinae. Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series 21: 129–296.

[R26] Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes vol. 5. F.-G. Levrault: Paris.